Objectives In recent years, there has been a growing interest in neuropsychological rehabilitation for alcohol use disorders. However, doubts persist regarding its impact on the recovery of executive functions. This systematic literature review summarizes the existing empirical evidence on the association between neuropsychological rehabilitation and the recovery of executive functions, including working memory, inhibition, flexibility, and planning, in individuals with alcohol use disorders. Methods This review (registration number, Prospero CRD42023393730) was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched. Only randomized clinical trials were included. A narrative analysis of the results was undertaken. The Cochrane Collaboration tool ROB-2 was used to assess risk of bias. Results Eight randomized controlled trials with 356 participants were considered eligible. The results indicated that neuropsychological rehabilitation can positively impact the recovery of executive functions in individuals with alcohol use disorders. Some studies also found improvements in non-cognitive domains with this type of intervention, such as the compulsion to consume alcohol, psychological wellbeing, and relapse prevention. Most studies assessed efficacy after 1 month. Conclusion Neuropsychological rehabilitation promotes greater efficacy in recovering executive functions in alcohol use disorder treatment. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42023393730 .
Ferreira et al. (Wed,) studied this question.