ABSTRACT Dextran, a neutral exopolysaccharide, is biosynthesized through lactic acid fermentation. Its chemical structure consists of α‐1,6‐linked D ‐glucose units with abundant hydroxyl functional groups. These features allow for diverse chemical modifications, enabling the development of novel nanostructures with tailored and controlled properties. Due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non‐toxicity, and non‐immunogenic nature, dextran and its derivatives have been widely explored across various biomedical domains, including food sciences, pharmaceuticals, biomedicines, and nutraceuticals. In this review, we highlight recent advancements in dextran‐based nanostructures, with a particular focus on their applications in drug delivery. Common fabrication techniques such as nanoprecipitation, emulsification, and self‐assembly are first discussed. We then critically evaluate the reproducibility and suitability of these methods in achieving essential drug‐loading criteria, including encapsulation efficiency and structural stability. Key challenges in the field are also addressed, especially the impact of fabrication methods and chemical modifications on the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of dextran nanostructures. Finally, we explore the potential of dextran‐based systems for targeted drug delivery and their influence on drug efficacy.
Batul et al. (Tue,) studied this question.