This study investigates the integration of magnetic functionality into hybrid 3D carbonaceous nanofillers by grafting iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) nanoparticles, producing Fe-3D and Ni-3D nanomaterials. Their microstructural features and microwave absorption behavior were examined to assess their suitability for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. Fe-3D demonstrates superior EMI shielding effectiveness (28 dB) due to its higher electrical conductivity (16 S/m), while Ni-3D reaches 22 dB with lower conductivity (8 S/m). The aspect ratio, dispersion quality, and concentration of the nanofillers strongly influence the shielding performance of TPU-based nanocomposites. Optimal dispersion occurs at 5 wt% loading using solution casting, whereas higher loadings (10-20 wt%) cause agglomeration and FLG restacking. TPU/Fe-3D nanocomposites outperform TPU/Ni-3D, and at 20 wt% both exceed the minimum 10 dB EMI shielding requirement, confirming their promise as effective materials for microwave absorption and electromagnetic protection.
Mandal et al. (Thu,) studied this question.