The purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive review and quality evaluation of the current literature on the relationship between testicular cancer (TC) treatment and the possible development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A total of 21 studies comprising both case-control and cohort designs were selected for review. Data on study design, location, participant demographics, and outcomes were extracted. For methodological quality, each study was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). 17 out of the 21 assessed studies were deemed to be high quality, with the remaining 3 being average quality. The mean of the scores was 8.1/9.0. Results found that chemotherapy, specifically platinum-based or cisplatin regimens, was significantly related with increased risk of presenting cardiovascular events in the future. Radiotherapy showed elevated cardiovascular risk, while orchiectomy alone did not directly increase CVD risk. In addition, patient comorbidities were contributing factors for increased risk of CVD. TC patients given platinum-based chemotherapy treatment, particularly cisplatin, are more likely to experience increased cardiovascular risk. Addressing these risks through long-term monitoring and improved research design is crucial to enhancing follow-up care. It is imperative to highlight the need for a holistic post-treatment approach for testicular cancer survivors by incorporating cardiovascular health. A multidisciplinary approach that includes routine screening, lifestyle interventions, and individual support can enhance long-term quality of life.
Rovito et al. (Tue,) studied this question.