), and attenuated metabolomic disturbance, decreasing differential metabolites from 981 to 858. These coordinated recoveries demonstrate that nBC mitigates toxicity primarily by reducing antibiotic bioavailability. This work establishes a novel diagnostic framework linking physiological impairment to subcellular damage and metabolic reprogramming, providing a mechanistic basis for using nBC to safeguard crop productivity against antibiotic mixtures in agroecosystems.
Zhu et al. (Mon,) studied this question.