Medical cannabis has emerged as a rapidly expanding global sector encompassing therapeutic, cosmetic, and nutritional applications. This expansion is driven by evolving regulatory frameworks, increasing therapeutic interest, and significant technological advances in cultivation, extraction, and formulation processes. Despite the growing body of preclinical research on cannabinoids, only a limited number of cannabis-based medicines have received regulatory approval worldwide, and robust clinical evidence supporting many claimed therapeutic indications remains insufficient. Most available data originate from laboratory and preclinical studies, while clinical trials remain limited in number, often methodologically weak, and insufficient to fully characterize long-term safety and efficacy. At the same time, the commercialization of diverse cannabis-derived products including flowers, concentrates, isolated cannabinoids, and full-spectrum extracts has progressed more rapidly than the generation of high-quality clinical evidence. This discrepancy raises critical questions regarding benefit risk balance, dosage optimization, pharmacokinetics, product standardization, and long-term safety. The Moroccan cannabis sector represents a particularly dynamic case study, with rapid regulatory implementation and growing industrial development. However, the absence of comprehensive scientific and clinical validation remains a significant limitation. Addressing these gaps requires multidisciplinary research programs focused on pharmacological characterization, clinical validation, product standardization, and pharmacovigilance. Ultimately, the future of medical cannabis depends on establishing rigorous scientific frameworks, robust regulatory oversight, and standardized production systems aligned with international pharmaceutical standards. Achieving this balance between innovation, safety, and clinical benefit remains one of the central challenges in the development of cannabis-based therapeutics.
Hmamouchi Mohammed (Sun,) studied this question.