This study characterizes CuCrZr/304 stainless steel dissimilar welds using HR-TEM and EDS. A 1.5–2.0 μm interfacial diffusion layer was identified, driven primarily by Cu migration. Analysis confirmed the formation of brittle Fe-Cu intermetallic compounds (FeCu 3 , Fe 2 Cu 5 ) and significant sulfur segregation (FeS, Cu 2 S), leading to grain boundary embrittlement and hot cracking. Furthermore, high-density dislocation networks and twin boundaries indicated strain-induced martensitic transformation in the heat-affected zone. Based on these nanoscale insights, employing diffusion barriers and post-weld heat treatment is proposed to mitigate defects and enhance joint stability.
Chang et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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