The Effects of Combination Telmisartan with Rosemarinus officinalis on Alzheimer’s Outcomes in Rat’s Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract Background: Till now there is no effective treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. Studies nowadays are trying to find new strategies for treating this one of the most common causes for dementia. Previous studies indicated that telmisartan has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that has good impact on the patients. Rosemary also known to have these effects. In this research, we have tried to know whether combination of these two elements has a greater effect than giving each element separately. Aim: To study the effects of combining Telmisartan with Rosemary on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, also the behavioral changes after Alzheimer’s disease induction in rats by administration of Aluminum chloride. Materials and Methods: Thirty adult Wistar albino male rats, aged about 12 weeks’ old weighing between 210 and 290 g were gathered and habituated in an animal house of College of Medicine, Babylon University. Rats were divided into six groups as follows: Group 1: control group, Group 2: ALCL3 (10 mg/kg), Group 3: Telmisartan + ALCL3 (10 mg/kg + 10 mg/kg). Group 4: Rosemary + ALCL3 (300 mg/kg + 10 mg/kg), Group 5: the combination group, Telmisartan + Rosemary + ALCL3 (10 mg/kg + 300 mg/kg + 10 mg/kg), and Group 6: the comparison group, Donepezil + ALCL3 (5 mg/kg + 10 mg/kg). After the rats’ heads were severed, the brains were taken. Interlukin-6 (IL-6), Interlukin-1 (IL-1), glutathione (GSH), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and behavioral tests (that performed before the decapitation (Y-maze spontaneous alteration test, rotarod latency to fall) were estimated using brain tissue homogenate. Results: In Group 2, the levels of TAOC and GSH were significantly decreased. IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA were increased significantly compared to Group 1. TAOC and GSH were increased significantly in Groups 3 and 4 with a significant reduction in IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA compared to Group 2. In Groups 3 and 4, the latency to fall in rotarod and spontaneous alteration percentage (SAP) in Y-maze significantly increased compared to Group 2. In Group 5, the increase in TAOC and GSH and the decrease in IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA were greater than that in other groups. Also fall in SAP and latency increased significantly. Conclusions: The agents donepezil, telmisartan, the herbal rosemary and the agents together (telmisartan+rosemary), all of them have been found to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity by decreasing pro-inflammatory parameters and increasing antioxidant biomarkers, also shown to enhance spatial memory and locomotor activity,so it probably can be used for Alzheimer’s disease to alleviate the symptoms.