O volatilization at elevated temperatures. Meanwhile, in situ photopolymerization enables the direct formation of a conformal hydrogel layer on the electrode surface, improving interfacial adhesion and mitigating parasitic reactions such as hydrogen evolution and Zn corrosion. Benefiting from the coupled thermodynamic and interfacial regulation, Zn||PANI coin cell exhibits stable operation over an ultrawide temperature range of -50°C-100°C and delivers a cycling life exceeding 10 000 cycles with 86.71% capacity retention at 25°C. A fibrous Zn||PANI cell further maintains reliable cycling for over 500 cycles at -25°C, demonstrating the applicability of this strategy for temperature-resilient wearable energy-storage systems.
Shen et al. (Wed,) studied this question.