Abstract The association between dietary fibre intake, gut microbiota-derived butyric acid, and prostate cancer (PCA) risk remains unclear. Data from men aged ≥60 years were analysed using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2000–2020). Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were applied to assess associations between dietary fibre and butyric acid intake and PCA risk, with external validation performed in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Among 6,578 participants, higher butyric acid intake was consistently associated with increased PCA risk, while dietary fibre intake showed a modest positive association. Similar intake patterns were observed among PCA cases in the PLCO cohort. These findings suggest that dietary fibre and butyric acid intake, particularly butyric acid, may be linked to prostate cancer risk in aging men, highlighting the potential role of diet–microbiota–metabolite interactions in prostate carcinogenesis.
Chen et al. (Thu,) studied this question.