OBJECTIVE: Agouti signalling protein (ASIP) is an adipokine regulating appetite and energy balance. This study aimed to investigate the association of first-trimester serum ASIP and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index with the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: This prospective study enrolled 231 singleton pregnant women (GDM, n = 42; non-GDM, n = 189). Serum ASIP, the TyG index, and routine metabolic parameters were measured during the first (8-12 gestational weeks) and second (24-28 gestational weeks) trimesters. GDM was diagnosed at 24-28 weeks via a standard 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. RESULTS: Both serum ASIP levels and TyG index were significantly elevated in the GDM group compared to the non-GDM group during both trimesters (all P 0.05). The combination of ASIP and TyG index in the first trimester yielded an AUC of 0.788 for GDM prediction, with a sensitivity of 76.2%, specificity of 68.8%, positive predictive value of 35.2%, and negative predictive value of 92.9%. Its predictive performance improved in the second trimester, achieving an AUC of 0.894, with corresponding values of 92.9%, 72.0%, 42.4%, and 97.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated first-trimester serum ASIP and TyG index are associated with an increased risk of GDM, and correlate with increased insulin resistance and dysglycaemia during pregnancy.
Wei et al. (Fri,) studied this question.