Thickness-driven modulation of linear and nonlinear optical properties in La–Al co-doped ZnO thin films for optical limiting applications

Key Points

• This research aims to explore how the thickness of Al–La co-doped ZnO thin films affects their structural and optical properties.
• Systematic examination of structural, surface, optical, and nonlinear optical properties based on film thickness.
• Comparison of different thicknesses of Al–La co-doped ZnO thin films.
• Observed changes in linear and nonlinear optical properties correlated with varying film thickness.
• Identified optimal thickness for enhanced optical limiting applications.