Introduction: Using cotyledonary nodes of Rhus chinensis as explants, this study explored the methods for obtaining sterile seedlings, the effects of different hormone combinations and concentrations on cotyledonary node regeneration, and the transplanting techniques of tissue culture seedlings, aiming to establish an efficient regeneration system. Rationale: Establishing an efficient in vitro regeneration system is essential for the rapid propagation and genetic improvement of Rhus chinensis. Cotyledonary nodes are ideal explants, although previous studies have been conducted, several issues remain. This study identified the optimal culture media, quantitatively assessed the effects of plant growth regulators on regeneration efficiency, improved the reproducibility of the system, and optimized key issues identified in previous studies. Results: The optimal seed germination was achieved by heat-shocking at 70 °C for 1 h, disinfecting with 75% alcohol (30 s) and 5% sodium hypochlorite (12 min), and culturing on MS medium after seed coat removal, with a germination rate of 75%. The best medium for adventitious bud induction was 1/2MS+0.02 mg·L⁻¹ TDZ+0.2 mg·L⁻¹ 6-BA (induction rate 88.33%, 4.87 buds per explant). For bud elongation, 1/2MS+0.2 mg·L⁻¹ 6-BA+0.5 mg·L⁻¹ GA₃ was optimal. The best rooting medium was 1/2MS+1 mg·L⁻¹ IBA (rooting rate 97.50%, 6.03 roots per plantlet). The optimal transplanting substrate was peat: vermiculite: perlite = 2:1:1 (v: v: v), with a survival rate of 93.33%. Conclusion An efficient in vitro regeneration system using cotyledonary nodes of Rhus chinensis as explants was established. This system is characterized by a high regeneration rate, a high rooting rate, a and high transplant survival rate, providing technical support for large-scale clonal propagation and genetic transformation of Rhus chinensis.
Bian et al. (Fri,) studied this question.