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May 16, 2026CNS Spectrums0 citationsOpen Access

Longitudinal coupling between depressive symptoms and divided attention during transcranial magnetic stimulation in treatment-resistant depression

MHMao-Hsuan Huang YCYee-Lam E Chan JZJun‐Ding Zhu

Key Points

This research aims to explore the relationship between depressive symptoms and divided attention during transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in treatment-resistant depression (TRD).
Assessments conducted at three timepoints during a 20-session TMS course.
Focused on correlations between attentional errors and depressive symptom severity.
Evaluated within-person changes in attention rather than between-person differences.
Depressive symptoms significantly declined over the course of TMS treatment.
Visual divided attention errors correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms, indicating a link beyond time.
Early improvements in divided attention were associated with greater reductions in depressive symptoms.

Abstract

Highlights1. Assessment at three timepoint instead of only pre-post TMS comparison. Depressive symptoms declined during a 20-session TMS course in TRD.3. Several attentional indices showed significant time effects.4. Visual divided attention errors were linked to symptom severity beyond time.5. Coupling was driven by within-person change, not between-person change.6. Early divided attention improvement correlated with greater symptom reduction.

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