conditions, their large-scale field applicability and sustainability remain limited in mining ecosystems. Phytostabilisation has emerged as a promising, eco-friendly, and relatively low-cost and sustainable approach compared to conventional methods aimed at immobilizing hexavalent chromium in soils, reducing its bioavailability, and preventing off-site migration through wind and water erosion. This review critically synthesizes recent phytostabilisation efforts in the Sukinda chromite mining valley, with special emphasis on ecological restoration of OB sites, OB management practices, identification and assessment of pollution-resistant plant species, and evaluation of phytoremediation potential for effective Cr immobilization. The role of soil amendments such as organic matter, biochar, lime, and microbial inoculants in enhancing hexavalent chromium stabilization and plant tolerance is also discussed. By integrating plant-based stabilization strategies with suitable soil management practices, phytostabilisation offers a viable pathway for long-term risk mitigation, ecosystem restoration, and sustainable management of chromium-contaminated mining landscapes.
Patra et al. (Wed,) studied this question.