Dyslipidemia is a common feature of sepsis; however, its relationship with inflammation-related biomarkers remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to examine the associations between soluble syndecan-1 (sSDC1) dynamics and lipid/apolipoprotein profiles in sepsis, focusing on the impact of apolipoprotein (apo) E isoforms. Serum levels of sSDC1, lipids, and apolipoproteins were measured and compared between patients with sepsis (n = 259) and non-septic controls (n = 57) at Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan. Compared to non-septic controls, patients with sepsis exhibited a significant elevation in serum sSDC1 levels and marked dyslipidemia, characterized by decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apoAI, and apoAII, and increased apoE-containing triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoprotein. The apoE phenotype influences the relationship between sSDC1 levels and lipid/apolipoprotein profiles. Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between sSDC1 and HDL-C or apoAI in patients with the apoE2/E3. In contrast, a similar negative correlation between sSDC1 and LDL-C or apoB was observed in those with apoE3/E4. Additionally, a positive correlation between sSDC1 and apoCII was found in patients with apoE2/E3, whereas negative correlations between apoCIII and apoE were observed in those with apoE3/E4. Multivariate analysis showed that serum HDL-C and apoAI levels may be negative predictors of sSDC1 levels, particularly in patients with apoE2/E3. Conversely, apoCIII and TG levels may be positive predictors of sSDC1 levels in patients, particularly in those with apoE2/E3. Serum sSDC1 levels were associated with alterations in lipid and apolipoprotein profiles in sepsis, and these associations differed according to apoE phenotype. • Septic patients show significantly elevated serum sSDC1 levels and marked dyslipidemia. • Sepsis-related dyslipidemia is characterized by reduced HDL-C and altered triglyceride-rich lipoprotein profiles. • The relationships between sSDC1 levels and lipid/apolipoprotein profiles differ according to apoE phenotype in septic patients. • ApoE phenotype may influence the association between inflammation-related sSDC1 dynamics and lipid/apolipoprotein alterations in sepsis.
Shimizu et al. (Thu,) studied this question.