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May 16, 2026

Vaporization and Thermodynamic Properties of the CeO2–TiO2–Gd2O3 System According to High-Temperature Mass Spectrometry Data

Key Points

To study the vaporization behavior and thermodynamic properties of the CeO2–TiO2–Gd2O3 system over a range of compositions and temperatures.
Synthesis of CeO2–TiO2–Gd2O3 samples by the ceramic method.
Determination of phase composition using X-ray diffractometry.
Analysis of vapor composition using high-temperature mass spectrometry at temperatures between 2100–2200 K.
The phase composition confirmed successful synthesis of the samples across various compositions.
Vapor over the CeO2–TiO2–Gd2O3 system showed specific qualitative and quantitative traits at high temperatures.
Cerium dioxide exhibited a slight negative deviation from ideal behavior in the studied concentration range.

Abstract

Samples of the CeO2–TiO2–Gd2O3 system were synthesized by the ceramic method, which correspond to the secant in the triangle of compositions with CeO2 concentrations from 10 to 90 mol % and a ratio of mole fractions of TiO2 : Gd2O3 of 1 : 1. The phase composition of the obtained samples was determined by X-ray diffractometry. The qualitative and quantitative composition of vapor over the CeO2–TiO2–Gd2O3 system was determined for the samples in the temperature range of 2100–2200 K. The activity of cerium dioxide in the studied concentration range is characterized by a slight negative deviation from the ideal behavior.

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Vaporization and Thermodynamic Properties of the CeO2–TiO2–Gd2O3 System According to High-Temperature Mass Spectrometry Data

Key Points

Abstract

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