Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
Introduction Organized sport promotes physical and psychological health in adolescents, improving emotional regulation, self-efficacy and resilience, which are essential for preventing addiction. This study validates an adapted ESTUDES scale for measuring consumption and risk perception in young athletes. Method Descriptive cross-sectional study with 914 adolescent footballers from Jaén and Granada (aged 12–18). The ESTUDES 2023 questionnaire (20 items on tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, gambling, and risk perception) was adapted, applying exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results Five factors were identified, explaining 73.47% of the variance: tobacco use, alcohol use, gambling, cannabis use, and risk perceptions. Reliability was adequate ( α = 0.863) with satisfactory fit indices (CFI = 0.920; RMSEA = 0.060). The highest correlations appeared between tobacco and alcohol (0.564), while risk perceptions showed negative relationships with all types of consumption. Conclusion The scale demonstrated adequate validity and consistency, constituting a useful tool for assessing addictive behaviors and designing preventive programs for adolescent athletes.
Mayoral et al. (Thu,) studied this question.