This study investigates the transition toward green transportation in Hanoi through a culture-centered perspective by integrating the Culture Tower (KAUC) framework with PLS-SEM analysis. Using survey data from 172 urban residents, the research examines how factors of knowledge, action, perceived utility, contribution, infrastructure, and social norms interact to shape green transport policy acceptance. The findings reveal that sustainable mobility functions as a layered cultural process rather than a simple behavioral sequence. Environmental awareness emerges as the central driver, exerting significant direct and indirect effects on contribution and policy acceptance, while green transportation infrastructure influences acceptance primarily through normative and cognitive pathways. The absence of strong experiential reinforcement between action, utility, and contribution suggests that behavioral engagement has not yet consolidated into stabilized cultural practice. By conceptualizing policy acceptance as the outcome of accumulated cultural layers rather than short-term cost–benefit evaluation, the study advances a systemic and culturally grounded approach to green transport governance. The results underscore the importance of reinforcing environmental knowledge, stabilizing social norms, ensuring reliable infrastructure, and fostering participatory contribution to achieve durable, green mobility transitions in rapidly urbanizing contexts.
Khuc et al. (Fri,) studied this question.