Objective: The wettability of the implant surfaces is crucial for successful osseointegration. The spreading of the blood on the titanium has become more critical in recent years. This study evaluated the wettability of the different types of titanium surfaces with hyperglycemia and whole blood. Material and Methods: Three surface groups were formed according to the surface texture and composition, machine (turned) titanium, anodized titanium, and sand blasted acid etched titanium alloy with 15% zirconia. Blood samples were obtained from healthy and Type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals and dropped to the disc surfaces. Contact angles were measured between the blood samples and disc surfaces by the sessile drop technique. Results: Regardless of the disc types, diabetic blood samples showed the highest contact angle. The surfaces of titanium alloy with 15% zirconia samples had the lowest wettability capacity, whether control or diabetic blood was dropped on them, whereas the anodized titanium disc surfaces showed the maximum wettability. Conclusion: Our results indicated that anodized titanium surfaces might have superiority in terms of wettability. Moreover, the wetting characteristics of blood may change in patients with poorly managed Type 2 diabetes, which may reduce the titanium dental implants' surface wettability and result in the failure of dental implant treatment.
Kasnak et al. (Thu,) studied this question.