Abstract Green banking has emerged as a critical component of sustainable finance, enabling the banking sector to minimize environmental impacts while supporting economic growth. This review paper synthesizes national and international literature on green banking practices, focusing on conceptual foundations, global developments, Indian initiatives, and region-specific insights with reference to Odisha. The study systematically analyses prior research on digitalization, green credit, sustainability reporting, customer and employee perceptions, and regulatory frameworks influencing green banking adoption. Existing studies indicate that while Indian banks have adopted several green initiatives such as paperless banking, renewable energy financing, and digital transactions implementation remains uneven, particularly in less-developed regions. The literature further reveals that customer awareness, employee readiness, institutional support, and regulatory pressure significantly influence adoption outcomes. However, region-specific empirical research, especially in states like Odisha, remains limited. By identifying thematic patterns, methodological trends, and empirical gaps, this review highlights the need for localized, stakeholder-focused research to strengthen green banking implementation. The paper contributes to the academic discourse by consolidating fragmented evidence and proposing future research directions aligned with India’s sustainable finance agenda.
Senapati et al. (Fri,) studied this question.