Aim This study aimed to assess the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) in multicystic ameloblastoma (AB), unicystic AB and ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) and to investigate the mitotic activity difference between these lesions. Material and Methods This study was carried out on 30 cases, classified into three groups Group I 13 cases of multicystic AB. Group II 7 cases of unicystic AB Group III 10 cases of AC. These cases were selected from the Oral Pathology Department, Mansoura University and Cairo University archives from 2023 to 2024. Immunohistochemistry for PHH3 was done and the immunoreactivity was evaluated by the Image Analysis Computer System to determine the percentage of cells positive. Statistical analysis using the Chisquare test to evaluate the significance of the association between categorical variables. One-way ANOVAs were used to compare groups for each variable under study. Results PHH3 immunostaining was positive in all thirty examined cases. Most ameloblastoma cases exhibited low to moderate nuclear reactivity within tumor cells, whereas AC samples demonstrated marked PHH3 overexpression. A statistically significant difference was observed among the groups regarding PHH3 expression. Additionally, patient age showed a significant association with tumor type (p = 0.003), where older age was more commonly observed in AC cases compared to AB. Conclusions findings suggest that PHH3 can represent a reliable marker for evaluating the mitotic activity with differentiating the malignant lesions from benign ones. Also, it can be used as an indicator for aggressiveness and progression.
Alrumayh et al. (Thu,) studied this question.