Safety and Efficacy of Finerenone in Patients With Stage 2 & 3 Chronic Kidney Disease With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Chronic kidney disease and Type-2 diabetes mellitus are two closely linked conditions. Diabetes is the leading cause of CKD, accounting for approximately 40% of all CKD cases. Finerenone is an oral agent, approved by the USFDA on July 9, 2021. The objective of the study to assess the safety and efficacy of Finerenone in patients with stage 2 & 3 chronic kidney disease with type 2 diabetes mellitus, while also monitoring specific biomarkers related to renal function. It was a prospective observational study conducted for a period of 6 months in a tertiary care hospital. The total subject volume are 50 patients with stage 2 & 3 chronic kidney disease with type 2 diabetes mellitus who under went treatment with Finerenone. The results of the study was most participants were early senior adult males, primarily aged over 60 (meanage- 65.5). Patients were prescribed with 10mg of Finerenone. Among 50 patients type 2DM and HTN are the most common combination of comorbidities making upto 20% of cases. whereas, no other 111 comorbidities (only diabetic nephropathy) accounting for the 66% of cases. Out of 50 patients the majority were in an early stage (2), while 26% each were categorized under stage 3a & 31b. In the duration of 90 days follow up the proteinuria, serum creatinine levels gradually decreased over time. Where as eGFR levels gradually increased over time. The serum potassium levels appear to have increased over the follow up period, a noticeable rise in potassium was observed only in 6 out of 50 patients. The drug proved to be effective in managing CKD progression with a favorable safety profile. The study concludes that Finerenone is effective in managing progression of CKD in stage 2 & 3 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, leading to a significant reduction in proteinuria, serum creatinine and significant improvement in eGFR levels. Although increase in serum potassium has seen in some of the patients as a side effect, overall adverse reactions were minimal. The drug offers substantial benefits for cardiovascular and renal protective with a generally favorable safety profile.