This research aims to understand how low doping levels of Ti4+ in ZrO2 influence clustering and photoluminescence properties.
Investigated the doping concentration of Ti4+ in monoclinic ZrO2
Analyzed photoluminescence characteristics of the doped materials
Explored the formation mechanism of dopant clustering
Identified significant photoluminescent activity at low doping levels
Confirmed the presence of Ti4+ clustering in the monoclinic ZrO2 matrix
Demonstrated that clustering enhances the optical properties of the material
Abstract
Clustering of dopant cations commonly occurs when they are incorporated into host matrices, particularly at high doping levels. In this work, we demonstrated, even at the low doping level, the...