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The traffic monitoring is essential in smart cities for improving urban mobility and managing congestion. Wireless Sensor Networks are key enablers in collecting and transmitting traffic data, but traditional routing protocols often suffer from energy inefficiency, high latency, and limited network lifespan. This paper proposes the Secretary Bird Optimization based Multipath Routing Protocol (SBOMRP). The SBO is stirred by the hunting strategy of the Secretary Bird. The SBOMRP efficiently balance exploration and exploitation in selecting optimal multipath routes. It ensure energy aware and congestion sensitive data transmission. Simulation results exhibit that SBOMRP overtakes existing techniques including VHFRP, GAN-ACO, and KFFOA-PDES. The proposed method prolongs network lifetime by 5% in the first node failure scenario and 9% in the 10th node failure scenario. Moreover, SBOMRP attains an 18% rise in throughput over VHFRP and an average 14% improvement in packet delivery ratio (PDR). These improvements expressively advance energy efficiency and data reliability, making SBOMRP a robust solution for smart city traffic management applications.
Jadhav et al. (Sat,) studied this question.