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Objective This study aimed to investigate the key factors influencing HPV vaccination behavior among nurses in Chongqing, China, based on the 5C psychological antecedents model. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 550 nurses from public hospitals in Chongqing between April 2024 and July 2024 via an online questionnaire. A combination of convenience and snowball sampling was employed. The instrument gathered demographic data, HPV vaccination status, and responses to the 5C scale (Confidence, Complacency, Constraints, Calculation, and Collective Responsibility). Results The HPV vaccination rate among nurses was 52.7%. Hierarchical binary logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR = 0.939, 95% CI: 0.895–0.985), influence from friends and colleagues (OR = 3.821, 95% CI: 2.634–5.542), and constraints (OR = 0.870, 95% CI: 0.811–0.933) were significant predictors of vaccination status. In contrast, confidence, complacency, calculation and collective responsibility were not statistically significant in the final model. Conclusion The HPV vaccination behavior of nurses in Chongqing is significantly influenced by age, social influence and structural barriers. To improve vaccination coverage, interventions should focus on leveraging peer influence, fostering a supportive vaccination climate, and systematically reducing constraints through convenient access and financial support. These findings contribute to understanding vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers and inform strategies to achieve cervical cancer elimination goals in China.
Li et al. (Fri,) studied this question.