ABSTRACT To mitigate the impact of voltage variations and current fluctuations on hydrogen production electrolyzers, this paper proposes a two‐stage hydrogen production converter that integrates a VIENNA rectifier with an interleaved Buck converter based on second‐order linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC). The front‐end VIENNA rectifier employs PI‐based dual closed‐loop control to achieve unity power factor operation and effectively suppress grid‐side input current harmonics, thereby providing a reliable and stable DC power supply for the electrolyzer. Considering the stringent operational constraints of proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers—including real‐time equivalent internal resistance disturbances and stringent near‐zero overshoot constraints on terminal voltage—the rear‐end interleaved parallel Buck converter adopts a dual closed‐loop control strategy consisting of a second‐order LADRC voltage outer loop and a PI current inner loop. An extended state observer is used to observe and fully compensate for both internal and external total disturbances in real time, significantly enhancing the system's dynamic response speed and disturbance rejection capability. Experimental results from a prototype demonstrate that the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the three‐phase grid‐side current remains below 3.9%. Compared with conventional dual closed‐loop PI control, the dynamic response time under sudden load changes is reduced by 42%, and the output voltage overshoot is decreased by 41%. Furthermore, in contrast to mainstream advanced control strategies such as terminal sliding mode control and fuzzy PI control, the proposed method achieves a superior overall balance among steady‐state accuracy, dynamic performance, and engineering implementation complexity. This work provides a technical reference for the design of highly reliable power supply systems in renewable energy‐coupled hydrogen production scenarios.
Meng et al. (Sun,) studied this question.