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The therapeutic potential of sulfurous mineral water (SMW) has been recognized since ancient times. Interest in SMW has grown in recent years, particularly regarding its contribution to human health as part of the daily diet. This study aimed to analyze and compare the anti-inflammatory potential of SMW, sulforaphane (SFN), alliin (ALL), and taurine (TAU) in an in vitro model of inflammation. The gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2 ( COX-2 ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-α ), interleukin-1β ( IL-1β ), and IL-1β receptor antagonist ( IL1RN ) was analyzed. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cells, COX-2 expression was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by all compounds, except ALL. TNF-α expression was also downregulated, with a more pronounced effect in TAU-treated cells. ALL and TAU, but not SMW and SFN, repressed IL-1β during inflammation. SMW, SFN, and ALL, but not TAU, induced IL1RN expression. These results suggest that SMW has anti-inflammatory potential mediated by the modulation of selected inflammation-related markers. As expected, an anti-inflammatory effect of SFN, ALL, and TAU was observed in the induced-inflammation model.
Stoeva et al. (Tue,) studied this question.