This study examines the ideology of multiculturalism in school management by reconstructing practices from three distinct educational institutions in Malang, Indonesia. These schools, with diverse approaches to applying multicultural principles, serve as case studies to explore how multiculturalism can be holistically integrated into school management, curriculum, and culture. SNL Public School merges military and civilian education to create a multicultural learning environment; SP Private School fosters inclusivity and social entrepreneurship for marginalized students; and TIB Islamic School blends Islamic values with multicultural principles to encourage religious and cultural harmony. Using a qualitative multiple-case study approach, data were gathered through observations, interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal that although the implementation of multiculturalism differs based on institutional contexts, all schools emphasize inclusivity, leadership, and respect for diversity. This research contributes to the development of theory on multicultural education and provides practical insights for schools seeking to adopt a multicultural-based ideology in Indonesia's diverse educational landscape.
Ubaidillah et al. (Wed,) studied this question.