The article describes the results of studies performed in the Laboratory of Preconcentration Methods of the Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences using physical fields (ultrasonic, magnetic, and centrifugal) at the step of sample preparation for the intensification of the processes of the extraction and sorption preconcentration of various substances. Most directions of this work were proposed and developed under the supervision of B.Ya. Spivakov, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The specific features of the implementation of multistep extraction processes in a rotating coiled column are considered and the results of their applications to the preconcentration and separation of elements are presented. The specific features of sorption separation in ultrasonic suspension columns and possibilities of their use in the analysis of environmental samples, pharmaceuticals, and process solutions are described. Data on the synthesis and application of modified magnetic nanoparticles in the methods of the separation and preconcentration of various substances, also in the dynamic mode are presented. Examples of the separation of water-in-oil emulsions into fractions as a result of their magnetic or ultrasonic treatment are presented. The effect of the ultrasonic treatment of oil samples on the intensification of their oxidative desulfurization process is shown.
Maryutina et al. (Fri,) studied this question.