Implementation of competence-based teaching and learning in pre-primary schools in Tanzania

This study investigated about the implementation of competence-based curriculum in pre-primary schools in Tanzania.Specifically, the study examined Pre-primary school teachers' understanding of competence-based instructional strategies, Instructional strategies used in the teaching and learning in pre-primary schools, pre-primary school teachers' ability to employ competence-based teaching and learning strategies.A sample of 45 pre-primary school teachers participated in the study.The data were collected using interviews, observation schedules, and documentary reviews which were analyzed thematically.The findings revealed that teachers were aware of competence-based teaching and learning strategies recommended in CBC because they managed to mention or define some attributes that are embedded in it.In addition, most of the pre-primary school teachers used some competence-based teaching and learning strategies.Lastly, findings revealed that pre-primary school teachers had limited abilities to employ competence-based teaching and learning strategies.Most of them relied on the use of only some strategies such as demonstration and question-and-answer methods.Based on these findings it is recommended that Tanzania Institute of Education (TIE) should conduct regular training on competence-based teaching and learning to enable teachers understand what CBC entails and how it can be effectively implemented.Also, it is recommended that, the Ministries of Education, Science, and Technology in collaboration with President's Office -Regional Administration and Local Government should enhance Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructures in all teacher training colleges to enable both tutors and student-teachers learn about CBC through ICT tools.It is further recommended that teacher training universities should adopt competence-based teaching and learning styles during the preparations of teachers who will then work in schools and colleges as teachers and tutors.