A Cross-Sectional Study of Oral Hygiene Knowledge and Practices Among Undergraduate Dental Students: Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Practice

Even though oral hygiene students receive formal education on oral hygiene protocols, there exists a wide gap between the theoretical and clinical application among dental students. This survey was cross-sectional and entailed undergraduate dental students, with the aim of testing their knowledge of oral hygiene practices and identifying the disparity between academic knowledge and real-life practices. Knowledge of oral hygiene principles, prevention strategies, and personal oral health practices, along with demographic information and self-reported oral health behaviours, was assessed using a validated questionnaire designed on the basis of structured questions. The study established that although the students demonstrated strong oral hygiene principles at a theoretical level, their self-practice was not compatible with this theoretical knowledge. It was also found that there was a significant difference between perceived academic knowledge and its practical implementation in daily life, with determinants such as time constraints, level of awareness, and environmental factors contributing to the persistence of this gap. Compliance among senior students was marginally better than that of junior students with respect to recommended practices. This study highlights the importance of addressing the theory-practice gap in dental training through the incorporation of more practical training, behaviour change teaching, and motivational interventions. Student compliance with best oral health practices can be improved through the inclusion of experiential learning and peer-driven programs. These findings indicate that dental education programs should integrate behavioural components with theoretical knowledge to develop competent professionals who consistently practice and promote good oral health.