Optimized Blood Product Modification Strategies in Neonatal and Pediatric Transfusion Medicine: A Clinical Review

dissociation curve, reducing the efficiency of oxygen release to tissues. 4 This review examines the technical rationale and clinical evidence for major blood product modifications-ranging from aliquoting, standard leukoreduction to emerging pathogen inactivation technologies-highlighting how these interventions optimize outcomes in neonatal and pediatric critical care. MethodologyThe selection of literature for this clinical review was conducted through a systematic and comprehensive search of major electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus for articles published between 2004 and 2026 using keywords "neonatal transfusion," "leukoreduction," "pathogen inactivation," and "pediatric blood modification."The primary objective was to identify high-quality evidence on blood product modification strategies tailored to the neonatal and pediatric populations.Peer-reviewed clinical trials, reviews, and guidelines focused on patients aged 18 years or younger were included, and case reports or non-English studies were excluded.