Stress Distribution of Different Anterior Single Implants: A 3D Finite Element Analysis

Abstract Introduction To evaluate the stress distributions of anteriorly placed dental implants in different clinical scenarios including extraction socket or healed bone as well as immediate or late loading. Material and Methods Standard tessellation language (STL) files of original components were used for the in-silico modelling of implant and abutments. The implant was placed into the bone block to imitate three different clinical scenarios including: i. healed bone-delayed loading, ii. healed bone-immediate loading, iii. immediate implant-immediate loading. In all models, both a horizontal force (25.5 N) and a 30-degree oblique force (178 N) were applied to the long axis of the implant to the palatal surface of the restoration. The stress distribution was evaluated. Results The highest stress values in trabecular bone were observed in the clinical scenario where immediate implant was inserted to the extraction socket followed by immediate loading to the healed bone and late loading to the healed bone, respectively. Conclusion The difference in stress distribution is much more evident when the clinical scenario changes, both in values and geometric distributions of stresses, than when the abutment angle changes. Oblique forces create more stress on both the bone and around the implant.