Integrating artificial intelligence technology into the digital environment is not new. Similarly, deepfake technology recently created huge challenge to the legal and compliance frameworks across the globe through its hyper-realistic AI-generated manipulated media that is known as “deepfakes.” These developments pose unique challenges to the legal and ethical standards in India and across globe. Therefore, this study raises a few crucial questions about personal rights, data privacy and how the legal system in India and its preparedness to address the unique threats posed by this technology. This study also tries to explore the challenges and preparedness at the international level on deepfake regulation in contrast with the Indian approach. Further, this paper analyses the technological underpinnings of deepfakes and their potential for misuse, this paper identifies critical gaps in current legal and regulatory mechanisms, legal reforms, and public awareness campaigns for a multi-pronged strategy to mitigate this new threat
Panda et al. (2025) studied this question.