The Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009, is a landmark legislation in India that guarantees free and compulsory education to children between 6 and 14 years of age. This study analyses the implementation status of the Act, the issues and challenges faced in its execution, and explores potential solutions. Using data from various government reports, including UDISE+, ASER, and independent studies, the paper highlights infrastructure gaps, teacher shortages, financial constraints, socio-economic barriers, and policy implementation issues. It also presents tables to illustrate key statistics. The study concludes with recommendations to overcome these challenges to achieve the goal of universal quality education. This paper aims to critically examine these challenges using recent data and reports, focusing on key issues such as inadequate infrastructure, teacher shortages, insufficient funding, and social inequality. It concludes with policy recommendations to strengthen the implementation of the RTE Act and improve educational outcomes.
Pandey et al. (2025) studied this question.