High-speed realization of computer-generated holograms (CGHs) is a crucial problem in the field of modern 3D visualization and optical image processing system development. Binary CGHs can be realized using high-resolution, high-speed spatial light modulators such as ferroelectric liquid crystals on silicon devices or digital micro-mirror devices providing the high throughput of optoelectronic systems. However, the quality of holographic images restored by binary CGHs often suffers from distortions, background noise, and speckle noise caused by the limitations and imperfections of optical system components. The present manuscript introduces a method based on the optimization of CGH models directly in the optical system with a camera-in-the-loop configuration using effective direct search with a random trajectory algorithm. The method was experimentally verified. The results demonstrate a significant enhancement in the quality of the holographic images optically restored by binary-phase CGH models optimized through this method compared to purely digitally generated models.
Zlokazov et al. (2025) studied this question.