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February 28, 2026British Journal of Cancer9 citationsOpen Access

Vegetarian Diets and Cancer Risk: Analysis of 1.8 Million Individuals Across Nine Studies

Vegetarian diets and cancer risk: pooled analysis of 1.8 million women and men in nine prospective studies on three continents

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Authors

YDYashvee DunneramJLJia Yi LeeCWCody Z. Watling

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Overview

Meta-analysis reveals the impact of vegetarian diets on cancer risk, indicating potential protective effects.

Key Points

  • This research aims to evaluate the relationship between vegetarian diets and cancer risk across various populations.
  • Analyzed data from nine prospective cohorts involving over 1.6 million individuals from multiple continents.
  • Individuals categorized into meat eaters, poultry eaters, pescatarians, vegetarians, and vegans.
  • Used multivariable Cox regression for hazard ratio calculations, followed by meta-analysis to combine findings.
  • Poultry eaters had a lower risk of prostate cancer (HR 0.93).
  • Pescatarians showed reduced risks of colorectal (0.85) and breast cancer (0.93).
  • Vegetarians demonstrated lower risks for pancreatic (0.79) and breast cancer (0.91), but a higher risk for squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus (1.93).
  • Vegans had a higher risk of colorectal cancer (1.40).

Cite This Study

Dunneram et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69a286b80a974eb0d3c01dbbhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-025-03327-4
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