The schema.org sameAs property links a web entity to authoritative external references, allowing machines to verify that an entity declared on a website corresponds to the same entity recorded in third-party knowledge bases. Despite broad adoption of baseline schema markup, with JSON-LD now present on 41% of pages globally according to the 2024 HTTP Archive Web Almanac, sameAs implementation in observed Indonesian and small-operator websites is frequently absent, malformed, or self-referential. This working paper documents the gap between sameAs presence and sameAs validity drawing on practitioner audit work conducted between 2020 and 2026 on a non-random sample of 82 commercial websites across listed firms, mid-size enterprises, small operators, and individual practitioners. The paper proposes a Three-Layer Verification Stack consisting of declared, linked, and corroborated layers, in which sameAs is the single property that bridges the first to the second; a taxonomy of five sameAs failure modes (missing entirely, self-loop, social-only monoculture, dead-link, and unverified) covering 92% of audited sites; and a single-operator twenty-four-month proof-of-concept in which deliberate sameAs deployment across Wikidata, ORCID, ISNI, and academic-platform identifiers produced inclusion of over 200 published works in machine-readable indexes. The paper closes with curriculum recommendations for Information Systems and Informatics programmes, training-frame revisions for the BNSP digital marketing certification, and a thirty-minute audit protocol that any operator can apply to their own implementation. Includes 5 figures, 3 tables, 21 references, and 3 worked JSON-LD examples.
Ibrahim Anwar (2026) studied this question.