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May 16, 2026Boletín de la Sociedad Matemática Mexicana0 citationsOpen Access

Periodic orbits of two particular classes of planar continuous piecewise linear differential systems with three zones separated by two parallel straight lines

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AFA. F. FonsecaJLJ. LlibreLML. F. Mello

Key Points

  • This research aims to explore the existence of periodic orbits in planar continuous piecewise linear differential systems with three zones.
  • Analyzed piecewise linear differential systems with three zones divided by two parallel lines.
  • Proved conditions under which these systems have no periodic orbits when vector fields lack equilibrium points.
  • Investigated the Hamiltonian nature of the vector fields to determine possible periodic orbits.
  • Demonstrated that systems without equilibrium points have no periodic orbits.
  • Found that Hamiltonian systems may have either no periodic orbits or a continuum of periodic orbits.

Abstract

Abstract We study the existence and non-existence of periodic orbits in the planar continuous piecewise linear differential systems with three zones separated by two parallel straight lines. First with the additional hypothesis that the three vector fields have no equilibrium points neither real nor virtual we prove that these differential systems have no periodic orbits. After assuming that the three linear vector fields are Hamiltonian we prove that these differential systems have either no periodic orbits or a continuum of periodic orbits. These results study the periodic orbits of the continuous piecewise linear differential systems with three zones separated by two parallel straight lines that until now were only done for the discontinuous piecewise linear differential systems with three zones separated by two parallel straight lines.

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Cite This Study

Fonseca et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a080ab3a487c87a6a40cb02https://doi.org/10.1007/s40590-026-00903-3
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