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March 3, 20260 citationsOpen Access

There Is a 13-Clue Suirodoku

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JMJordan Maire

Key Points

  • The research investigates the structural properties of Suirodoku, particularly the minimum number of clues required.
  • Analyzed the back-circulant configurations of Suirodoku.
  • Calculated the number of orthogonal mates and structural orbits.
  • Examined the fusion rates under paratopism.
  • Compared findings with classical Sudoku properties.
  • The back-circulant has 3,622,317,453 orthogonal mates.
  • Identified 740 structural orbits and 734 species with a fusion rate of 0.8%.
  • The Sudoku-162 shows a high fusion rate of 87.4%, resulting in 1,129 orbits and 142 species.
  • Demonstrated that 13 clues are sufficient for Suirodoku, compared to 17 required for classical Sudoku.

Abstract

A Suirodoku is an order-9 Graeco-Latin square in which each component satisfies the 3×3 block constraint of Sudoku. We show that the back-circulant alone admits 3,622,317,453 orthogonal mates, revealing 740 structural orbits and 734 species — a fusion rate of 0.8% under paratopism. The Sudoku-162 reveals an opposite regime: 1,129 orbits merge into 142 species (87.4% fusion). At the top of the hierarchy sits the Crystal Grid (1,296 symmetries), and the Sudoku-162 produces a stabilizer of order 81 — forbidden in classical Sudoku. On the minimum number of clues: classical Sudoku requires 17 (McGuire et al., 2014); for Suirodoku, 13 suffice. Full source code: https://github.com/teliance23/suirodoku-lab

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Cite This Study

Jordan Maire (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69a67f12f353c071a6f0ae2ahttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18820235
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