In the context of the current urbanization and growth of the urban population, the efficiency of urban passenger transport plays a key role in ensuring a safe, comfortable and sustainable urban environment. Urban public transport has a significant impact on economic development, social mobility and environmental conditions. However, despite its importance, many transport systems face challenges such as insufficient capacity, overcrowding (and vice versa low occupancy during peak periods), increased waiting times and high levels of pollution. The relevance of the systematic analysis of the scientific literature on this topic, which the article is devoted to, lies in the need to summarize existing domestic and foreign studies, identify problematic issues (aspects) and find innovative solutions aimed at increasing the efficiency of urban passenger transport. Such a review makes it possible to highlight the main achievements and current difficulties, identify optimal methodologies and approaches, as well as form the main directions for more detailed studies and, based on them, subsequent recommendations for practical application. Thus, the effectiveness of recommendations aimed at improving the quality of service of regular urban public transport becomes an urgent task to improve the level of passenger service and optimize the performance of the transport system as a whole.
Khodoskin et al. (2025) studied this question.