Upgrading the Brønsted acidity of zeolite Hβ via phosphotungstates: engineering a high-performance catalytic platform for the production of energy-efficient biofuel additives

Key Points

• Efficient biofuel additives can be produced using a sustainable catalytic route with phosphotungstates and zeolite Hβ,
• The process demonstrates enhanced brønsted acidity, improving catalytic activity significantly for esterification reactions.
• Using phosphotungstates for this catalytic modification allows for effective mono- and diesterification,
• This approach highlights potential sustainability in biofuel production, requiring further evaluation for industrial application.