The population of France grew by 0.25% in 2024. Nine-tenths of this increase is attributable to net migration and one-tenth to natural increase, which has fallen in response to a decline in births and an increase in deaths. Assuming that fertility and net migration remain stable at 2024 levels and that life expectancy continues to increase slowly, the 2024 projection shows that natural increase will become negative in 2027 but that the population will continue to grow for 2 decades.
Pison et al. (2025) studied this question.