ABSTRACT: China's growing emphasis on ideological security offers a fresh lens through which to study the Sino-US relationship. Since Xi Jinping assumed the role of the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 2012, ideological security has been a key focus of his leadership. This shift has been accompanied by a rapid decline in Sino-US relations during his tenure. This article does not delve into the ideological differences between the two countries but views ideological security as a 'mode of ruling'. China's prioritisation of ideological security has significantly affected its economic and Hong Kong policies. To a certain extent, this has contributed to a deterioration in the bilateral relationship. This article argues that the concept of ideological security enhances academic understanding of Sino-US relations and can also be usefully applied to other bilateral relationships.
Gideon He (2025) studied this question.