This article examines the economic and social implications of tuition-free public higher education by analyzing reports from international organizations such as UNESCO, OECD, and the World Bank. The study highlights that while free tuition promotes social mobility and equal access, it raises concerns regarding financial sustainability and educational quality. The findings suggest that a balanced or hybrid model may be the most effective solution for modern education systems.
Sanobarkhon et al. (2026) studied this question.