Collaboration with Generative Artificial Intelligence in the Early Stages of Design Studio: A Model Proposal

This study investigates the integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) into early-stage design studio education, where students navigate ill-defined problems requiring ideation, scenario-building, and conceptual development. A structured collaboration model was developed using text-to-text (ChatGPT) and text-to-image (Bing Image Creator) platforms and implemented in a second-year interior design studio with 15 students. The model guided students in creating user-based scenarios, generating atmospheric visualizations, and framing initial design concepts through analog collages. To assess the impact, expert jury members—practicing interior architects with GAI experience—evaluated student outputs based on predefined criteria. Quantitative analysis revealed that GAI-supported workflows improved conceptual clarity, representational skills, and productivity. Visual documentation of student work further illustrated these outcomes. This research contributes to the growing discourse on AI-enhanced pedagogy by proposing a replicable, human-centered GAI integration model. It offers practical insights into how generative tools can support creativity, foster reflective thinking, and enhance communication in early design education.