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Abstract Natural polymers are bioactive compounds that are used in the treatment of several disorders. Natural lignin, an amorphous polymer, offers significant potential for use as a building block in the production of bio-renovation materials. This study used an alkaline solvent technique to extract lignin from two Egyptian cotton cultivar byproducts, Giza 86 and 90. We then created nano-lignin to recycle cotton stalks into an environmentally beneficial product. The characterization of L86, L90, LNP86, and LNP90 was carried out using particle size, zeta potential, FT-IR, and TEM. Antioxidant activity using the DPPH assay and antimicrobial activity were determined for lignin and nano-lignin. Seven pathogenic bacteria ( Bacillus cereus , Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus sciuri , Salmonella typhi , Salmonella enterica , Escherichia coli , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) and five mycotoxigenic fungi ( Aspergillus flavus , Aspergillus ochraceus , Aspergillus niger , Fusarium proliferatum and Penicillium verrucosum ) were used for antimicrobial activity. The results showed high antioxidant efficiency for LNP90, with an IC 50 of 10.38 µg/mL. The antimicrobial activity showed positive growth inhibition for all studied microorganisms, with significant differences in nano-lignin compared to ordinary lignin. lignin and nano-lignin were effectively applied to treated textiles for medical purposes. The study concluded that single-use medical textiles with anti-microbial and anti-oxidant properties, made from lignin and nano-lignin, could benefit patients intolerant to antibiotics.
Ali et al. (2024) studied this question.