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April 13, 2026BMC Medical ImagingOpen Access

Pancreatic fat fraction partially mediated the association between adrenal gland volume and T2DM (OR = 1.036, 95% CI: 1.009–1.101), accounting for 8.7% of the total effect, and the combined AGV + PFF model achieved an AUC of 0.836 (95% CI: 0.779–0.894) for differentiating T2DM.

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Why the study?

The study was conducted to assess the role of body composition in mediating the association between MRI-quantified adrenal gland volume and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to clarify the underlying mechanisms.

Is MRI-quantified adrenal gland volume associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and does pancreatic fat deposition mediate this relationship?

Population

239 hospitalized patients (54 T2DM, 185 non-T2DM) with abdominal MRI

Comparison

Patients with T2DM vs non-T2DM

Design

Retrospective study

Authors

QZQinhe ZhangZZZiting ZhangSWSiqi Wang

Discussion

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Overview

MRI adrenal and pancreatic fat may aid T2DM risk assessment; extends prior associations via mediation but remains hypothesis-generating pending longitudinal data.

Key Points

  • This research aims to clarify how body composition, particularly pancreatic fat, impacts the relationship between adrenal gland size and type 2 diabetes.
  • Retrospective analysis of 239 hospitalized patients using abdominal MRI.
  • Manual segmentation of adrenal gland volume from T1-weighted images.
  • Quantification of body composition parameters including various fat fractions using MRI fat fraction mapping.
  • Mediation and multivariate analysis conducted to assess associations with type 2 diabetes.
  • Pancreatic fat partially mediates the link between adrenal gland volume and type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.036).
  • Both adrenal gland volume and pancreatic fat were identified as independent risk factors for type 2 diabetes.
  • Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated strong predictive capabilities for adrenal gland volume (AUC = 0.792) and pancreatic fat (AUC = 0.803), with a combined model achieving an AUC of 0.836.

Structured PICO

Is MRI-quantified adrenal gland volume associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and does pancreatic fat deposition mediate this relationship?

P
Population
239 hospitalized patients with abdominal MRI (54 with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 185 without type 2 diabetes mellitus)
I
Intervention
MRI-quantified adrenal gland volume (AGV) and body composition parameters including pancreatic fat fraction (PFF)
O
Outcome
Presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)surrogate

MRI-quantified adrenal gland volume and pancreatic fat fraction are independent factors associated with T2DM, with pancreatic fat partially mediating the link between adrenal enlargement and T2DM.

Cite This Study

Zhang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69dc88b93afacbeac03ea80bhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-026-02184-8
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