Abstract: Pharmacovigilance is a key element in the identification, evaluation, and prevention of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to safeguard patients. With the exponential rise in the popularity of social media, new opportunities have emerged to receive real-time patient experiences and reveal potential risks associated with drug use. This review addresses the integration of social media into pharmacovigilance practices and innovations such as natural language processing and machine learning, which enable faster identification of signals based on user-generated content. Engagement with social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, MedHelp, and PatientsLikeMe has proven useful in capturing ADRs, increasing awareness, and improving patient engagement. Although several advantages are associated with this approach, challenges remain, including data authenticity, the absence of standard reporting frameworks, privacy concerns, and ambiguity in regulations. Moreover, the article emphasizes the need to define ethical procedures and methodological rigor in order to incorporate social media data into official pharmacovigilance systems. It also highlights how social media influences the dissemination of health-related information among the general population and how herbal pharmaceuticals can be adapted to fit pharmacovigilance models. A coordinated approach among stakeholders is essential to fully harness the potential of digital platforms in drug safety surveillance, allowing for the implementation of reliable, ethical, and scalable monitoring systems.
Kumar et al. (2026) studied this question.